Budo Zen Martial Arts

Numbers

• 1 ichi

• 2 ni

• 3 san

• 4 shi

• 5 go

• 6 roku

• 7 shichi

• 8 hachi

• 9 ku (kyuu)

• 10 juu

Glossary of Karate Do Terms

• Age -- upward

• Age uke -- upward block

• Age zuki -- upward punch

• Ago -- chin 

• Anza -- sitting form (lotus position), sitting cross legged

• Arigato gozaimashita -- thank you very much

• Ashi -- foot or leg

• Ashi barai -- foot sweep

• Ashi guruma -- leg wheel throw, foot wheel

• Ashi sabaki -- footwork

• Ashi sukui age -- upward leg scooping

• Ashi tori -- leg hold

• Ashi waza -- leg techniques

• Ate waza -- hitting techniques

• Atemi waza -- striking techniques

• Awase -- together

• Awase waza -- two waza ari techniques

• Ayumi ashi --  normal walking

• Barai -- sweep

• Bassai -- fortress; name of kata

• Batsugun -- instantaneous promotion

• Bisen -- bridge of the nose

• Bito -- head of the nose

• Bo -- a long stick used as a weapon

• Bogu -- protective equipment

• Bogyo -- defensive or defense to an attack

• Bodhidharma -- founder of Zen Buddhism in China

• Budo -- martial arts; “the way of the samurai”

• Buki ho -- the practice of weapons; “the way of weapons”

• Bushido -- code of honor of the samurai, way of the warrior

• Chikara kurabe -- early Japanese fighting form

• Chuan fa -- the way of the fist

• Chudan -- middle level

• Chui -- warning (referee)

• Da ashi -- a snake crawling step

• Dachi -- stance

• Dan -- black-belt degree

• De -- advancing

• De ashi barai (Harai) -- front/forward or advancing foot sweep

• Do -- way, body, way of life

• Do basami -- body scissors

• Dojo -- practice hall (a place for learning)

• Dojo kun -- school principle

• Eki kin gyo -- physical part of Zen; I-chi-ching

• Empi -- elbow

• Eri -- martial arts uniform lapel

• Eri tori -- collar grabbing

• Fukushiki -- multiple combinations

• Fumikomi ashi -- stamping step

• Fusegi -- escapes

• Fusemi -- forward fall

• Fusengachi -- win b forfeit (referee)

• Fusha gaeshi -- windmill bo motion

• Fushito -- outside of thigh

• Gachi -- win of any type

• Ganka -- chest

• Gankyu -- eyeballs

• Gatame -- hold or lock

• Gari -- reap

• Gake -- execution of a throw

• Gedan -- lower level

• Gedan barai -- downward leg sweep

• Genko -- closed hand, fist (seiken)

• Geri (or keri) -- kick

• Gi -- uniform

• Go -- hard, the name of the Chinese form of checkers, five

• Godan -- 5^th degree

• Gohon -- five ways or five techniques

• Gohon kumite -- five-technique kumite (fighting form)

• Go kyo no waza -- five stage of Kodokan techniques

• Gokyu -- 5^th class

• Goshi -- hip or waist

• Goshin jutsu -- self-defense techniques

• Goshin jitsu no kata -- formal forms of self-defense

• Goju ryu -- style of karate; “hard and soft style”

• Guruma -- wheel

• Gyaku -- reverse

• Gyaku ken -- reverse fist

• Gyaku uchi -- reverse strike

• Gyaku waza -- arm lock techniques

• Gyaku juji jime -- reverse cross choke

• Hachidan -- 8^th degree

• Hadaka jime -- strangle hold (bare-hand choke)

• Haishu -- back of the hand

• Haito - ridge of the hand

• Haito uchi -- Striking technique, ridge of the hand

• Hajime -- begin

• Haku (shiro) -- white

• Hane -- spring action of hip

• Hane goshi -- hip spring

• Hane makikomi -- springing wrap-around throw

• Hanmi -- half-face front

• Han da ken -- four-finger knuckles

• Han kaiten -- half turn

• Hangetsu hoko -- half-moon step

• Hansoku -- disqualification

• Hansoku make -- loss by violation of the rules (referee)

• Hantei -- decision (referee)

• Hantei kachi -- winner by decision

• Happiken -- name of kata; “to use the elbow like a monkey in eight directions”

• Happo no kuzushi -- forms of off balance

• Hara -- stomach

• Harai -- Sweep

• Harai goshi -- sweeping hip throw

• Harai makikomi -- hip sweep wrap-around throw

• Harai tsurikomi ashi -- lift-pull foot sweep, sweeping foot stop

• Harai waza -- sweeping techniques

• Hairi kata -- entry into mat work

• Hasami -- scissors

• Hasso kamae -- a versatile posture

• Hato mune -- sternum

• Heian -- name of kata; “peaceful mind”

• Hiroshima -- placid state of mind (ability to maintain one’s calm)

• Heiko dachi -- parallel foot stance

• Heisoku dachi -- foot together stance

• Hichu -- neck’s notch (neck cavity)

• Hidari -- left

• Hidari jigotai -- left defensive posture

• Hidari shizentai -- left natural posture

• Hiji -- elbow 

• Hijitsume (hiji) -- (elbow) back side of the elbow

• Hiki wake -- draw (referee)

• Hikitate geiko -- form of training

• Hineri geri -- reverse or twist front kick

• Hineri hanmi -- rotation of the trunk

• Hineri zuki -- twist or reverse punch

• Hiraki ashi -- open leg stance

• Hiraki mi -- open leg rotation

• Hirate -- inside of the hand

• Hishigi -- crush

• Hitai -- forehead

• Hiza -- knee

• Hiza basami -- leg scissors

• Hiza guruma -- knee wheel

• Hiza ke age -- upward knee kick

• Hiza otoshi ate -- downward knee kick

• Hiza sukui-hineri -- twisting knee scooping

• Hiza tsubomi -- back side of the knee

• Hojo undo -- complementary exercises

• Hoko -- walking form

• Hon -- basic

• Ikkyu -- 1^st class

• Inazuma -- side of the stomach

• Ippon -- one point (referee)

• Ippon ken -- forefinger knuckle

• Ippon shobu -- one point match

• Ippon seoi nage -- one-arm shoulder throw

• Itsutsu no kata -- forms of five

• Jigo -- defensive

• Jigo hontai -- basic defensive posture

• Jikan -- time (referee)

• Jinchu -- upper lip

• Jita kyoei -- mutual benefit & welfare

• Jiyu -- free, freedom

• Jo sokutei -- ball of the foot

• Jodan -- upper level

• Jogai -- outside of the contest area, out of bounds

• Jogaku -- upper part of the jaw

• Joseki -- the seat of honor, side of dojo for senior martial artists

• Joshi waza -- arm techniques

• Ju -- principal of gentleness

• Judan -- 10^th degree 

• Judo -- gentle way

• Judoka -- judo player

• Juji -- cross

• Jujitsu -- a Japanese martial art, original form of judo

• Juji gatame -- cross arm lock

• Juji uke -- cross block

• Junbi undo -- preparatory exercises, warm up exercises

• Junidan -- 12^th degree (Dr. Kano)

• Juno no kata -- formal forms of gentleness

• Ka fuku bu -- lower abdomen

• Kaeshi waza -- counter techniques

• Kagaku -- lower part of the jaw

• Kagi zuki -- hook punch

• Kagi geri -- hook kick

• Kaiten -- rolling

• Kaiten geri -- wheel kick

• Kakari geiko -- a form of training

• Kake -- execution of a throw

• Kama -- reaping hook used as a weapon

• Kamae -- guard

• Kamae kata -- fighting stance

• Kamaete -- ready, prepare to begin

• Kami shiho gatame -- upper corners hold

• Kani basami -- scissors throw

• Kansetsu waza -- arm lock techniques; reversal of hand hold

• Kappo -- unique life-preserving techniques primarily utilized in

• injuries incurred in martial art practice

• Kara -- empty, air

• Kara -- Japanese term for Tang dynasty (A.D. 618-970)

• karate do gi -- the uniform of karate do

• Karate ho -- the way of empty handed fighting

• Kari waza -- reaping techniques

• Ka sokutei -- heel of the foot

• Kassatsu -- spine

• Kasumi -- temples

• Kata -- shoulder; a form of practice performed alone, form

• Kata ashi tori -- one leg throw

• Kata gatame -- shoulder hold

• Kata guruma -- shoulder wheel

• Kataha jime -- single shoulder choke

• Kata hiza dachi -- one-knee stance

• Kata juji jime -- half cross choke

• Katame no kata -- formal forms of holding

• Katame waza -- mat techniques

• Katsu -- forms of resuscitation, reanimation techniques (first aid)

• Kawashi waza -- dodging techniques

• Kawazu gake -- one-leg entanglement

• Ke age -- snap kick, upward kick

• Keichu -- back of the neck

• Keido myaku -- jugular vein

• Keiko -- general practice

• Keikoku -- warning (referee)

• Keirei -- ceremonial bow

• Kekomi -- thrusting kick

• Kemari -- a Chinese game of kicking ball

• Kempo -- Chinese fighting techniques, the way of fist

• Ken -- fist

• Kendo -- the Japanese martial art of fencing

• Kenko (or genko) -- fist

• Kenkokan -- the main school of karate do

• Kentsui -- hammer fist

• Keoroshi -- downward kick

• Keri -- kick

• Kesa -- scarf

• Kesa gatame -- scarf hold

• Ki -- inner energy; spirit (harnessed strength of mind which takes on a biological form)

• Kiai -- manifestation of the ki ( simultaneous union of spirit and expression

• of physical strength), shout to gather inner strength

• Kibi -- spine tip

• Kibisu gaeshi -- heel trip

• Kime -- decision

• Kime waza -- scoring techniques, finishing techniques

• Kinate -- lower abdomen protections

• Kin jime -- groin choke

• Kiken gachi -- win by withdrawal of opponent

• Kinsa -- slight superiority

• Kin teki -- testicles

• Kiyotsuke -- attention

• Ko -- little or minor

• Kodokan -- the main school of judo in Japan

• Kogeki -- offensive

• Ko haku -- red and white

• Kohaku shiai -- winner stays out team contest

• Koho -- back

• Koho daisharin -- backward cartwheel

• Koho kaiten -- backward role

• Koho ukemi -- back fall

• Koka -- smallest point for a technique or hold (referee)

• Kokei -- tibia (shin)

• Koken --  ridge of the hand

• Kokutsu dachi -- backward stance

• Komi -- pull

• Koso ashi dachi -- crossed leg stance

• Koshi -- hip or waist

• Koshi guruma -- hip wheel throw

• Koshiki no kata -- ancient forms

• Kosoto gake -- small outer hook, minor outside dash

• Ko soto gari - minor or small outer reap, little outside reaping

• Kote -- forearm

• Kote gaeshi -- outward wrist twist

• Kotobu -- back of the head

• Ko uchi gake -- small inner hook

• Ko uchi gari -- minor or small inner reap, little inside reaping

• Kuchiki taoshi -- one-hand drop

• Kudan -- 9^th degree

• Kumi ai jutsu -- the name of an early form of fighting

• Kumite -- encounter; fighting form

• Kumi kata -- forms of gripping, gripping techniques

• Kumi uchi -- a grapple, a scuffle

• Kung-fu -- a Chinese martial art

• Kiribati -- ankle

• Kuruma gaeshi -- swing in large circle motion parallel to the ground

• Kusari gama -- a sickle attached to a chain used as a weapon

• Kuzure -- slipped or modified

• Kuzure Kami shiho gatame -- slipped smothering hold

• Kuzure kesa gatame -- slipped scarf hold

• Kusure yoko shiho gatame -- slipped side corners hold

• Kusushi -- opening; opportunity to attack

• Kuzushi -- off balance

• Kyu -- non black-belt rank, below yudansha

• Ma -- direct or flat on back

• Maai -- distance, space

• Mae -- front

• Mae kaga mi -- leaning forward

• Mae sori mi --leaning backward

• Maitta -- “ I surrender”

• Make -- loss of any type

• Maki komi -- winding pull

• Makiwara -- a wooden post covered with straw, punching or kicking board

• Mata -- thigh

• Mate -- stop

• mawari ashi --  crossed leg rotation

• Mawari mi -- turning form

• Mawashi geri -- roundhouse kick

• Ma Sutemi waza -- back falling sacrifice technique

• Migi -- right

• Migi jigotai -- right defensive posture

• Migi shizentai -- right natural posture

• Mikazuki geri -- crescent kick

• Mizo ochi -- solar plexus

• Mokuso -- concentration, meditation

• Morote -- double; both hands, two handed

• Morote gari -- two-hand reap

• Morote soe uke -- supported two-fist block

• Mudansha -- non-black-belt students, kyu belt holder 

• Musubi dachi -- attention stance

• Nagashi uke -- sweeping block

• Nage -- throw

• Nage no kata -- formal forms of throwing

• Nage waza -- throwing techniques

• Naha te -- fighting form from Naha (Okinawa)

• Naihanchin dachi -- horseman stance

• Naka daka ken -- middle finger knuckle

• Nami -- normal

• Nami juji jime -- normal cross choke

• Neko ashi -- cat step

• Nekozeken -- back hand of the wrist (cat back)

• Nidan -- second degree, two level

• Nidan kosoto gake -- double outer drop (judo technique)

• Nidan kosoto gari -- double outer reap

• Nidan zuki -- two level fist punch

• Nihon -- two points, two techniques

• Nijushiho -- twenty-four techniques, steps, movements name of a kata

• Nikyu -- 2^nd class

• Niseishi -- twenty-four techniques; the ancient name of nijushiho

• No -- of

• Nodo botoke -- Adam’s apple

• Nodo jime -- Adam’s apple choke

• Nukite -- spear-hand

• Nunchaku -- flail used as a weapon

• Obi -- belt

• O goshi -- large hip throw or major hip

• O guruma -- large wheel

• Oi mawashi geri -- front leg roundhouse kick

• Oi zuki -- lunge punch

• Okinawa te - fighting form from Okinawa

• Okuri -- sliding

• Okuri ashi barai (Harai) -- sliding foot sweep (judo technique)

• Okuri eri jime -- collar choke, assist lapel strangle, sliding lapel choke

• Oroshi -- downward, take down

• Osae komi -- hold down

• Osoto gake -- large outer hook (judo leg technique)

• Osoto gari -- major or large outer/outside reap (judo technique)

• Osoto guruma -- large outer wheel

• Osoto makikomi -- large outside wrap around throw (judo technique)

• Osoto otoshi -- major or large outer drop (Judo technique)

• Otoshi -- dropping, drop

• Otoshi mi -- knees bent, ducking motion

• Ouchi gari -- major or large inner reap (judo technique)

• Ouchi macaroni -- large inner wrap around (judo technique)

• Pinan -- ancient name of heian kata

• Randori -- fight, free fighting kumite, free practice

• Rei -- salutation, bow

• Renraku waza -- faking techniques

• Renshu shiai -- training for competition, practice competition

• Ritstu rei -- standing bow

• Ristu Zen -- standing meditation

• Rokudan -- 6^th degree

• Rokyu -- 6^th class

• Ruidai -- stage (ring) - where fights were held during Tang dynasty

• Ruidai-o -- winner (king) of fight on stage

• Ryo ashi tori -- tackling both legs

• Ryo kado -- both sides of a corner

• Ryojikou kabotoke -- mastoid, also both sides of the cavity below the ears

• Ryu -- school, style

• Sagi ashi dachi -- one leg stance

• Sai -- three-bladed weapon

• Saiten -- point score

• Samurai -- Japanese warrior

• Sanchin -- three phases, name of a kata

• Sanchin dachi -- defensive closed foot stance

• Sandan -- 3^rd degree

• San kaku tobi -- triangle jumping step, attack

• Sankyu -- 3^rd class

• Sasae -- lower prop

• Sasae tsurikomi ashi -- supporting foot lift-pull throw, foot stop throw

• Satori -- highest mental state of Zen Buddhism; a state of grace achieved via sudden illumination

• Seiri undo -- supplementary exercises

• Seiyoku zenyo -- maximum efficiency

• Seiza -- sitting on knees

• Senjutsu -- strategy

• Sensei -- teacher

• Shiai -- competition, fighting contest

• Shiaijo -- place of competition , fighting area, contest area

• Shichidan -- 7^th degree

• Shido -- note (referee)

• Shihan -- name or title of high ranking instructor (above 6^th dan)

• Shinan -- name or title of highest instructor

• Shiho -- corners

• Shime -- choke

• Shimpan -- referee

• Shintai -- body movement

• Shisei -- posture

• Shitsuto -- knee cap

• Shizen -- natural

• Shizen hontai dachi -- natural stance/posture, fundamental stance

• Shochu geiko -- summer training camp

• Shodan -- first degree

• Shomen -- the place of honor, the front

• Shorin ji -- name of temple

• Shorin ryu -- name of an Okinawan form of karate

• Shorinjiryu -- style or school of shorinji fighting techniques (Shaolin)

• Shotei -- heel of the palm

• Shubaku -- a Chinese game of kicking

• Shuko -- back of the hand (Haishu)

• Shumatsu undo -- cooling off exercises

• Shuto -- knife hand (karate chop)

• Sode -- martial arts uniform sleeve

• Sode tsurikomi goshi -- sleeve lift pull hip throw (judo technique)

• Sogo gachi -- wazari and keikoku, combination for win (referee)

• Seoi -- shoulder

• Sokko -- instep of the foot

• Sokumen -- side of face

• Sokutei -- sole of the foot

• Sono mama -- don’t move (referee)

• Sonshi -- name of a great warlord

• Sore made -- time is up

• Sotai renshu -- pairs practice

• Soto -- outside

• Sotobiraki jigotai dachi -- defensive open foot stance

• Soto makikomi -- outer wrap-around throw

• Suisha gaeshi -- water wheel

• Sukashi -- avoiding action

• Sukoshi -- a little 

• Sukui nage -- Scooping throw

• Sukui uke -- scooping block

• Sumi gaeshi -- corner throw

• Sumi otoshi -- corner drop

• Sumo -- ancient Chinese fighting form, Japanese wrestling

• Sute geiko -- one of the special training methods, timing practice

• Sutemi -- sacrifice

• Sutemi nage -- falling on side or back throw

• Tachi kata -- postures

• Tachi nage -- standing throw

• Tae kwon do -- Korean martial art

• Tai -- body

• Tai chi chuan -- a Chinese fighting form

• Tai otoshi -- body drop

• Taiso -- exercises

• Tani otoshi -- valley drop

• Tai sabaki -- body motion, body pivot

• Tameshi wari -- breaking test

• Tanden -- lower abdomen

• Tandoku renshu -- pantomime practice

• Tani -- valley

• Tanshiki -- single form or single technique

• Tatami - straw mat

• Tate ken -- fundamental fist, vertical fist

• Tawara gaeshi -- rice bag counter

• Te -- hand, technique

• Tegatana -- knife hand, karate chop

• Tento -- top of the head

• Tentori shiai -- elimination tournament

• Tettsui -- iron hammer

• Tobi -- jumping or flying

• Tobi geri -- jump kick

• Tobi mi -- jumping motion

• Tokui waza -- favorite technique

• Tokushu geiko -- special practice, training clinic

• Tomoe -- circle

• Tome waza -- stopping techniques

• Tomoe nage -- circle throw

• Tonfa -- millstone handle used as a weapon

• Toketa -- hold down broken (referee)

• Tori -- holding, attacker

• Tsubami gaeshi -- swallow counter (judo technique)

• Tsugi ashi -- Walking by sliding one foot behind

• Tsuki -- punching

• Tsukuri -- entry into a throw

• Tsukuri Kuzushi -- opportunity to attack

• Tsuri -- lift

• Tsuri komi -- lift pull action

• Tsurikomi goshi -- lift-pull hip throw

• Tsumasaki -- the tip of toe

• Tsuri goshi -- lifting/pulling hip throw

• Uchi -- striking, also inside

• Uchikomi geiko -- a form of training for offensive technique practice with partner

• Uchi mata -- inner thigh reaping throw

• Uchimata jigotai dachi -- defensive closed leg stance

• Uchi mata macaroni -- inner thigh reaping throw slip (judo technique)

• Ude -- arm

• Ude gaeshi -- arm twist (arm counter)

• Ude garami -- arm wrap, bent arm lock

• Ude gatame -- normal arm lock

• Uke -- blocking, defender

• Ukemi -- break-falls

• Uki -- floating

• Uki goshi -- floating hip throw

• Uki otoshi -- floating drop

• Uki waza -- floating technique

• Uraken -- back fist

• Ura -- throwing to the rear

• Ura nage -- back throw

• Ushiro -- rear or back

• Ushiro goshi -- back hip throw

• Ushiro hiki otoshi -- backward drop

• Ushiro kakato -- back side of the heel

• Ushiro kesa gatame -- rear scarf hold

• Ushiro mawashi geri -- back roundhouse kick

• Ushiro oi geri -- front leg back kick

• Utsuri goshi -- hip shift

• Uwagi -- jacket, upper part of the uniform

• Waki gatame -- armpit arm lock

• Waki otoshi -- armpit drop

• Washi jime -- eagle choke

• Waza -- technique

• Waza ari -- half point

• Waza ari awasete Ippon -- half point added makes full point (referee)

• Waza ari ni chikai waza -- near waza ari (referee) 

• Yako -- inguinal region

• Yakusoku -- pre-arranged, a promise

• Yama arashi -- mountain storm

• Yang -- positive principal

• Yin -- negative principal

• Yoko -- side, sideways

• Yoko furimi -- leaning sideways

• Yoko gake -- side body drop

• Yoko geri -- side kick

• Yoko guruma -- side/lateral wheel

• Yoko ken -- horizontal fist

• Yoko otoshi -- side drop, lateral drop

• Yoko shiho gatame -- side corners hold

• Yoko Sutemi waza -- side falling sacrifice technique

• Yoko tobi geri -- flying side kick

• Yoko tomoe nage -- side circle throw

• Yoko wakare -- side separation

• Yondan -- 4^th degree

• Yonkyu -- 4^th class

• Yoshi -- continue, begin after sonomama (referee)

• Yudansha -- black-belt holder

• Yuko -- almost half point (referee)

• Yusei gachi -- decision win (referee)

• Zanshin -- state of perfect execution, perfect completion

• Zarei -- sitting bow, kneeling bow

• Zazen -- sitting meditation

• Zempo -- front

• Zempo ukemi -- forward falls

• Zempo kaiten Ukemi -- front rolling fall

• Zen -- a sect of Buddhism stressing self-realization through simplicity; a form of contemplative religion

• aimed at creating a state of grace by sudden illumination, satori

• Zen kaiten -- full turn

• Zenjutsu -- forward

• Zenpo dai sharing -- forward cartwheel

• Zenpo kaiten  --  forward role

• Zenshin -- preparatory state of concentration

• Zokko -- continue